Abstract: Power cables are important equipment in the power system, and the operating state of cables is closely related to the safe and reliable operation of the transmission and distribution system. Cable inspection can detect defects such as insulation deterioration and local burning in cables in a timely manner, prevent power outages and accidents, reduce power outage events, and ensure the continuity of power supply. It is crucial for ensuring the safety and reliability of the power system. In the paper, current commonly used detection methods are summarized, and an outlook on the development trend of cable fault detection technology is provided. The implementation of these technologies has substantially upgraded the smart grid maintenance capabilities while equipping electrical workers with advanced diagnostic instruments, demonstrably decreasing occupational hazards and labor demands (35 references cited).