超导能源管道研究现状及应用前景
Research Progress and Application Prospects of Superconducting Energy Pipeline
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摘要: 超导电缆具有载流能力强、损耗低等优势,是长距离输电的良好选择,但低温制冷成本高、维护困难是制约其发展的重要瓶颈因素。氢气和天然气是低碳能源利用的重要方式,采用液化集输技术将有助于降低远距离输送成本。如果将超导输电与输氢和天然气相结合,利用液氢(LH2)和液化天然气(LNG)管道的低温环境来冷却超导电缆,将有望解决超导电缆在长距离输电中的瓶颈问题。本文介绍了近年来国内外电力/LH2混输超导能源管道和电力/LNG混输超导能源管道的研发现状和关键技术,分析了存在的问题,并对其发展趋势及应用前景进行了展望。Abstract: Superconducting cable has strong current-carrying capacity and low loss, which is an optimal selection for long distance power transmission. However, the cost of refrigeration is high, and the operating maintenance is difficult. Hydrogen and natural gas are important ways to utilize low-carbon energy. The adoption of liquefaction gathering and transportation technology will help reduce the cost of long-distance transportation. If the superconducting power transmission could be combined with hydrogen and natural gas transmission, and the low-temperature environment of liquid hydrogen (LH2) and liquefied natural gas (LNG) pipelines is utilized to cool superconducting cables, it is expected to solve the bottleneck problem of superconducting cables in long-distance power transmission. In this paper, the research/development status of electric power /LH2 and electric power /LNG hybrid superconducting energy pipelines is introduced, and their development trends and application prospects are discussed.
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