Abstract: Submarine cables are regarded as the “lifeline” of offshore wind power systems, with their operation and maintenance technology directly determining the safety, reliability, and economic performance of wind farms. This paper systematically reviews domestic and international research progress since 2020 in two main directions: submarine cable operation, maintenance, condition monitoring, as well as system integration and optimization. Furthermore, a comprehensive evaluation framework covering maintenance costs, techno-economic performance, and full lifecycle risks is established, clarifying the critical impact of maintenance strategies on project economics. By comparing the differences in technical approaches, research priorities, and development stages between domestic and international practices in offshore wind farm submarine cable maintenance, it points out that domestically there is a need to strengthen the synergy of “mechanisms-standards-systems,” while internationally the focus should be on overcoming engineering bottlenecks in deep-sea and far-sea applications, jointly promoting the development of more reliable and efficient operation and maintenance technologies.