Abstract: To clarify the core technical differences between American and Chinese standards for copper conductors used in cables, so as to support cross-standard cable product design, inspection and certification, and technical specification interpretation, this study takes the conductor structure classification system and DC resistance calculation method as the core research objects, and sorts out the differences between the two sets of standards through comparative analysis.In terms of structure classification, American standards clearly define details such as stranding processes and conductor structures, and their refined classification is highly adapted to the segmented industrial demand of the American market; Chinese standards establish a broad classification framework through conductor classification, without elaborating on regulations related to stranding structures, and the macro classification logic is compatible with the large-scale and universal application scenarios of China's cable industry.In terms of resistance calculation, Chinese standards use multi-dimensional correction coefficients to integrate influencing factors such as material properties and cabling processes, with calculation results corresponding to finished conductors; American standards focus on the impact of stranding structures on conductor resistance. The two sets of standards also differ in aspects such as the correction method for resistance calculation of tin-coated copper conductors and the maximum resistance constraints.The analysis results provide a reference for R&D and design personnel to carry out precise design based on standard differences when responding to different market or customer requirements. They can also optimize the conductor structure by combining the correlation rules between conductor structure and resistance characteristics.