机器人电缆成缆结构对动态弯曲寿命的影响
Influence of Stranding Structure on Dynamic Bending Life of Robot Cables
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摘要: 针对高端机器人电缆长期依赖进口且传统结构难以满足百万次级动态寿命的问题,以FLEX-FU 60 V 4×26 AWG+24×28 AWG柔性电缆为研究对象,探究成缆结构对动态弯曲寿命的影响。文中设计并对比了两种成缆方案:方案1以26 AWG星绞单元为中心支撑,方案2以芳纶纤维为中心填充,线芯均匀分布于外围。依据2 PfG 2577/08.16,在3D扭转与弯折耦合工况下开展疲劳寿命试验。结果表明,方案2有效克服了方案1中心线芯应力集中导致的断丝失效问题,其所有线芯直流电阻变化率均小于2%,无断丝现象,预测寿命(直流电阻增加5%的临界点)可达977万次,较方案1提升1倍以上。研究表明,采用芳纶中心填充能够有效分散复合交变应力,显著提升电缆抗疲劳性能。文中总结的结构设计原则,可为高柔性机器人电缆的工程化开发提供重要理论与试验依据。Abstract: To address the problem that high-end robot cables had long been dependent on imports and the requirements of million-cycle dynamic life were difficult to be met by traditional structures, FLEX-FU 60 V 4×26 AWG+24×28 AWG flexible cable was taken as the research object, and effect of stranding structure on dynamic bending life was investigated. Two cabling schemes were designed and compared: in scheme 1, 26 AWG star quad unit was used as the central support, while in scheme 2, aramid fiber was utilized as the central filling, with conductive cores evenly distributed around the periphery. According to 2 PfG 2577/08.16, fatigue life tests were conducted under coupled conditions of 3D torsion and bending. Results showed that wire breakage failure caused by stress concentration in central core of scheme 1 was effectively overcome by scheme 2; DC resistance change rates of all cores were maintained below 2%, and no broken wires were observed. Furthermore, predicted life (at critical point of a 5% DC resistance increase) was reached at 9.77 million cycles, which was more than double that of scheme 1. It was demonstrated that composite alternating stress was effectively dispersed by the application of aramid central filling, and fatigue resistance of the cable was significantly improved. Finally, important theoretical and experimental bases for engineering development of highly flexible robot cables were provided by structural design principles summarized in the paper.
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