Abstract: To quantitatively analyze the influence mechanisms of cable structural dimensions on smoke density and establish predictive models, this study employed multiple regression analysis, dividing datasets with a critical diameter threshold of 20 mm, and systematically investigated the coupling effects of conductor weight, silicone rubber weight, and outer diameter. Regression equations were constructed based on historical experimental data, with key variables screened through F-tests (p<0.01) and variance inflation factors (VIF<5). The results indicate that for cables ≥20 mm, smoke density exhibits a positive correlation with conductor weight (β=0.011) and a negative correlation with silicone rubber weight (β=−0.045). For cables <20mm, the interaction between outer diameter and silicone rubber weight is significant (β=−0.37), requiring a 5% reduction in silicone rubber usage per 1mm increase in outer diameter to suppress smoke density escalation. Model validation demonstrates prediction errors within ±2% (R²>0.97), providing enterprises with a quantitative design tool for material selection and structural optimization. This study transcends the limitations of traditional qualitative analysis and lays the foundation for intelligent algorithm-driven precision design of cable fire safety performance.