Abstract: Current anti-rodent test schemes for all dielectric self-supporting (ADSS) optical cables suffer from cumbersome data processing and difficulties in replicating tests in factory laboratories. Based on existing standard test methods, a rodent resistance test scheme centered on penetration rate measurement was studied. Scheme stipulated that under live rat test conditions, the penetration rate of ADSS cables outer sheath shall be less than 20%, that for loose tube and fiber core shall be less than 5%. Through practical engineering application, the anti-rodent test results based on penetration rate measurement were verified to be consistent with field experience. Proposed test scheme was demonstrated to effectively evaluate the anti-rodent performance of ADSS optical cables, offering greater practicality and applicability, and could be utilized as a reference for related work.