紧压角与预扭节距对电缆线芯应力分布的影响

    Effect of Compaction Angle and Pre-Twist Pitch on Stress Distribution in Cable Core

    • 摘要: 为控制分割导体在绞合-紧压成型中的残余应力,本文通过构建包含预扭绞与绞合全过程的线芯力学分析模型,采用COMSOL软件模拟五分割2 500 mm2电缆线芯的应力分布,重点探究紧压角与预扭节距对应力及变形的影响规律。结果表明:紧压角通过调节轴向拉伸与径向挤压的平衡影响应力,而预扭节距则通过改变几何干涉与弯曲变形的竞争关系调控应力分布。当预扭节距为1 300 mm时,紧压角为70°使线芯最大形变位移和最大应力分别达到0.062 3 mm和4.85×107 N·m−2的极小值,较68°时分别降低4.70%和9.68%;当紧压角为70°时,预扭节距为1 300 mm对应的最大应力最低,较1 200 mm下降8.32%。当紧压角为70°、预扭节距为1 300 mm时,轴向拉伸与径向挤压达到最优平衡,几何干涉应力与弯曲变形应力相互协调,残余应力显著降低。此时紧压角主导成型力学路径,预扭节距优化初始几何形态,二者协同作用可为高性能电缆导体的低应力精密制造提供理论依据与关键工艺窗口。

       

      Abstract: To control the residual stress in stranded and compacted milliken conductors, this paper establishes a mechanical analysis model of the core that includes the entire pre-twisting and stranding processes. Using COMSOL software, the stress distribution in a five-segment 2500 mm2 cable core is simulated, with a focus on investigating the influence of the compaction angle and pre-twist pitch on stress and deformation. The results show that the compaction angle affects stress by balancing axial tension and radial compression, while the pre-twist pitch regulates stress distribution through the competing mechanisms of geometric interference and bending deformation. When the pre-twist pitch is 1300 mm, a compaction angle of 70° minimizes the maximum displacement and maximum stress of the core to 0.0623 mm and 4.85×107 N/m2, respectively, representing reductions of 4.70% and 9.68% compared to those at 68°. When the compaction angle is 70°, the pre-twist pitch of 1300 mm yields the lowest maximum stress, which is 8.32% lower than that at 1200 mm. Under the combination of a 70° compaction angle and a 1300 mm pre-twist pitch, axial tension and radial compression reach an optimal balance, and geometric interference stress and bending deformation stress are well coordinated, leading to a significant reduction in residual stress. In this case, the compaction angle governs the forming mechanical path, while the pre-twist pitch optimizes the initial geometric shape; their synergistic interaction provides a theoretical basis and critical process window for the low-stress precision manufacturing of high-performance cable conductors.

       

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