紧压角与预扭节距对电缆线芯应力分布的影响
Effect of Compaction Angle and Pre-Twist Pitch on Stress Distribution in Cable Cores
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摘要: 为控制分割导体在绞合-紧压成型中的残余应力,文中构建了包含预扭绞与绞合全过程的线芯力学分析模型,采用COMSOL软件模拟五分割2 500 mm2电缆线芯的应力分布,重点探究紧压角与预扭节距对应力及变形的影响规律。结果表明,紧压角通过调节轴向拉伸与径向挤压的平衡影响应力,而预扭节距则通过改变几何干涉与弯曲变形的竞争关系调控应力分布。当预扭节距为1 300 mm、紧压角为70°时,线芯最大形变位移和最大应力均达到极小值,分别为0.062 3 mm和4.85×107 N·m−2;该最大形变位移和最大应力较紧压角为68°时分别降低4.70%和9.68%;最大应力较预扭节距为1 200 mm时下降8.32%。该参数组合下,轴向拉伸与径向挤压达到最优平衡,几何干涉应力与弯曲变形应力相互协调,残余应力显著降低。此时,紧压角主导成型力学路径,预扭节距优化初始几何形态,两者协同作用可为高性能电缆导体的低应力精密制造提供理论依据与关键工艺窗口。Abstract: To control residual stress in stranded and compacted milliken conductors, a mechanical analysis model of cable cores incorporating the entire pre-twisting and stranding processes was established. Using COMSOL software, stress distribution in a five-segment
2500 mm2 cable core was simulated, with a focus on investigating the influence of the compaction angle and pre-twist pitch on stress and deformation. Results showed that the compaction angle affected stress by balancing axial tension and radial compression, while the pre-twist pitch regulated stress distribution through the competing mechanisms of geometric interference and bending deformation. When the pre-twist pitch was1300 mm and the compression angle was 70°, maximum displacement and maximum stress of the core both reached minimum values, at0.0623 mm and 4.85×107 N·m−2, respectively. Compared to those at a compaction angle of 68°, the maximum displacement and maximum stress decreased by 4.70% and 9.68%, respectively. The maximum stress decreased by 8.32% compared to that at a pre-twist pitch of 1200 mm. Under the combination of a 70° compaction angle and a1300 mm pre-twist pitch, axial tension and radial compression reached an optimal balance, geometric interference stress and bending deformation stress were well coordinated, leading to a significant reduction in residual stress. In this case, the compaction angle governed the forming mechanical path, while the pre-twist pitch optimized the initial geometric shape. Their synergistic interaction provided a theoretical basis and critical process window for low-stress precision manufacturing of high-performance cable conductors.
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